Malate-aspartate shuttle　　　　　　

　AST ( GOT ) participates in malate-aspartate shuttle.
　Malate-aspartate shuttle is necessary for oxaloacetate transportation form mitochondrial matrix to cytosol.
　Pyruvate, lactate, and amino acid ( ex. alanin ) are used for gluconeogenesis.
　But, note that fatty acids are not used for gluconeogenesis.

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　Key Words :
　Acyl-CoA, α-ketoglutarate, Alanin, Aspartate, β-oxidation cycle,
　Citrate, Citrate sunthase, Fatty acids,
　GDH, Gluconeogenesis, Glucose, Glutamate, Glycolysis, Glutamate-aspartate transporter,
　Kreb's citric acid cycle, Lactate, LDH,
　Malate, Malate-α-ketoglutarate transporter, Malate-aspartate shuttle, MDH,
　NAD⁺, NADH₂⁺,
　Oxaloacetate, PEPCK, Phosphoenolpyruvate,
　Pyruvate, Pyruvate carboxylase, Pyruvate dehydrogenase, Pyruvate kinase,
　ALT(GPT), m-AST (m-AST), s-AST (s-GOT),